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Tax United Kingdom For businesses

Director's Loan Account & S455 Tax Compliance Check

Check your director's loan account is correctly recorded, any overdrawn balance is repaid or reported, and section 455 tax and benefit-in-kind charges are avoided.

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Did you know? The numbers behind this check.

  • 33.75%Section 455 tax rate (loans made on or after 6 April 2022)
  • £10,000Loan threshold for a benefit-in-kind
  • 9 months and 1 day after year-endPayment due
  • CTA 2010 s455Core legislation

Why this matters.

A director’s loan account records money moving between you and your company outside salary, dividends and expense claims. Under section 455 of the Corporation Tax Act 2010, if a close company is still owed money by a participator at the end of nine months and one day after its accounting period ends, it must pay a charge of 33.75% of the outstanding balance. For companies with a 31 March 2026 year-end, that date is 1 January 2027. The charge is repayable only once the loan is repaid, written off or released, and then only after a claim is made, so it can tie up company cash for a long time.

Loans above £10,000 can also create a taxable benefit in kind for the director under the Income Tax (Earnings and Pensions) Act 2003 if no or low interest is charged, reportable on form P11D with Class 1A National Insurance for the company. Repaying a loan shortly before year-end and re-borrowing can fall foul of the 30-day “bed and breakfasting” rules and the arrangements rule. Releasing or writing off a loan has its own tax consequences, and the Companies Act 2006 requires shareholder approval for certain loans to directors. A short review now helps you avoid avoidable charges.

Have these to hand.

  • The director's loan account ledger from your accounting software for the last two financial years
  • Your company year-end date and the date the corporation tax return and payment are due
  • Details of any loans repaid, written off or released after year-end
  • Board or shareholder minutes approving any loan to a director

What you’ll get.

  • 1A score out of 100Where you stand today, at a glance.
  • 2Findings ranked by riskWhat could cost you, highest risk first.
  • 3A plan with timeframesWhat to fix first and by when.

Use this free tool to check your director’s loan account and section 455 tax exposure. Get a personalised action plan in minutes.

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General guidance only, not legal advice. Consult a qualified solicitor or adviser in your jurisdiction for specific issues.