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Data & Privacy ✦ ✦ ✦ ✦ · Australia

Serious Invasion of Privacy Tort Check (AU)

Australia's serious invasion of privacy tort check (Privacy Act Sch. 2): CCTV, staff monitoring, misuse of personal information and defences.

Start free check 10 questions · 7 minutes · No signup

Last reviewed 4 November 2026 against current law.

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Did you know? The numbers behind this check.

  • 10 June 2025Claims possible since
  • NoneSmall business exemption
  • 1 year from awareness (max 3 years)Time limit
  • Privacy Act 1988, Schedule 2Legal basis

Why this matters.

Since 10 June 2025, individuals in Australia have been able to sue for a serious invasion of privacy under a new statutory tort in Schedule 2 to the Privacy Act 1988, inserted by the Privacy and Other Legislation Amendment Act 2024. Unlike the Australian Privacy Principles, the tort is not limited to businesses with turnover above $3 million. It applies to sole traders, small businesses, organisations and individuals alike. A person can bring a claim where someone intruded on their seclusion (for example by filming, recording or watching them) or misused information about them, where they had a reasonable expectation of privacy, the invasion was serious, it was intentional or reckless, and the public interest in their privacy outweighs any competing public interest.

The court can award damages, including for emotional distress, without the person having to prove financial loss, as well as injunctions and orders to destroy material. Damages for non-economic loss and exemplary damages are capped, but a claim can still be costly, and there is no exemption for small businesses. The risk is highest where you use CCTV or listening devices, monitor staff, take or share images of customers, or handle sensitive personal information. There are defences, including consent, acts required or authorised by law, and necessity, and exemptions for journalism, law enforcement and some government activities. Claims must generally be brought within one year of the person becoming aware of the invasion and no later than three years after it happened.

Have these to hand.

  • Where and how you use CCTV, cameras, audio recording or tracking
  • Any monitoring of staff emails, devices, vehicles or locations
  • How you take, store and share photos, videos and personal information
  • Your privacy policy, consent forms and staff policies

What you’ll get.

  • 1A score out of 100Where you stand today, at a glance.
  • 2Findings ranked by riskWhat could cost you, highest risk first.
  • 3A plan with timeframesWhat to fix first and by when.

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General guidance only, not legal advice. Consult a qualified solicitor or adviser in your jurisdiction for specific issues.